Which of the following is NOT an exception to client confidentiality under HIPAA?

The correct choice is related to client confidentiality as governed by HIPAA regulations. One of the key principles of HIPAA is to safeguard patient privacy and confidentiality. Although there are certain exceptions where client information can be disclosed without consent, client marketing purposes do not qualify as one of these exceptions.

Disclosures made to prevent a crime, protect third parties from harm, and those required by law are all justifications that HIPAA recognizes as permissible exceptions where confidentiality can be breached for the sake of safety or legal compliance. For instance, if a healthcare provider is aware of a credible threat to someone's safety, they have a responsibility to disclose necessary information to protect that individual.

However, disclosing client information for marketing purposes is distinctly not an exception under HIPAA. Such activities typically require explicit consent from the client, as they are primarily driven by the provider's business interests rather than concerns about safety or law enforcement obligations. This ensures that clients retain control over their sensitive information in contexts that are not directly related to their care or safety.