What contributes to sensory sensitivities in individuals with autism?

The understanding of sensory sensitivities in individuals with autism is largely rooted in underlying neurological differences. Those on the autism spectrum often have variations in how their brains process sensory information. These neurological differences can lead to either heightened sensitivity or diminished responses to sensory stimuli.

For instance, certain sensory inputs that might be perceived as neutral or even enjoyable by neurotypical individuals can become overwhelming or distressing for someone with autism. This variance in sensory processing is why many individuals may demonstrate an aversion to certain sounds, lights, or textures, while simultaneously seeking out other types of sensory experiences. Thus, recognizing that these sensitivities stem from neurological differences provides crucial insight into their experiences and how to support them effectively.

This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding individual sensory profiles rather than viewing sensitivity as merely a behavioral issue. In contrast, other options such as positive stimuli or early exposure to sensory activities do not accurately explain the complexities of sensory processing challenges faced by individuals with autism.